In the modern era, the term mental health has become an important topic. Many young people are becoming aware that caring for mental well-being is just as vital as physical health. But the question remains: does Islam have a concept of mental health? Did the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his companions also experience stress, trauma, or deep sorrow?
The answer is yes. Islam views humans as holistic beings comprised of body, soul, and spirit. Therefore, mental health is not an unfamiliar concept in Islam, even if it is not labeled with the same terminology we use today.
Islam: A Religion That Cares for the Soul
In the Qur'an, Allah often speaks about the heart (qalb), the soul (nafs), and the intellect (aql). This indicates that the psychological dimensions of human beings are not neglected. Even in Surah Ash-Shams (91:7-10), Allah swears by the soul and its perfection:
"And [by] the soul and He who proportioned it
And inspired it with discernment of its wickedness and its righteousness."
This is a divine acknowledgment of the importance of maintaining one's inner state. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) himself was a figure full of empathy and deeply understood the burdens of the human soul.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Profound Grief
The Prophet never escaped mental trials. One of the heaviest periods in his life is known as the 'Year of Sorrow' (Aam al-Huzn). In a short span, he lost two of the most beloved people in his life: his wife Khadijah and his uncle Abu Talib.
At that time, the Prophet (peace be upon him) experienced a loss of emotional and social support. He remained steadfast, but also showed his human side: sadness, grief, and a brief pause from his mission. This was a healthy expression of mourning—not a sign of lack of faith, but rather a manifestation of deep love.
The Companions’ Experiences of Mental Pressure
Many companions also endured emotional hardships. For example:
1. Bilal ibn Rabah
Bilal suffered physical and psychological torture for maintaining his faith. Even when chained and persecuted, he persistently affirmed Allah’s oneness by proclaiming “Ahad, Ahad” (One, One). But certainly, he experienced mental suffering. Yet, his strong faith became a foundation for his soul.
2. The story of Ka'ab ibn Malik
Ka'ab was one of the companions who did not participate in the Battle of Tabuk without a clear excuse. As a result, the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the community socially boycotted him for 50 days. Ka'ab endured immense psychological pressure, isolated from his friends and society. In a narration, Ka'ab expressed:
"The world feels narrow to me, though the earth is vast..."
This statement illustrates feelings of depression and loneliness. However, after his repentance was accepted, that burden lifted and his spirit felt relief. This highlights that in Islam, recognition of faults and sincere repentance are integral to mental healing.
3. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq
The gentle and wise companion was also known as someone who easily cried. He wept during prayers and when reciting the Qur'an. This is not weakness, but a sign of a healthy sensitive soul.
Understanding Mental Health Through the Lens of Scholars
Classical scholars also recognized the importance of inner balance. Imam Al-Ghazali, in his work Ihya Ulum al-Din, extensively discussed spiritual ailments such as envy (hasad), arrogance (ujub), restlessness, and obsessive doubts (waswas). These correspond to psychological disorders known today.
Al-Ghazali even outlined therapeutic steps to purify the heart and heal inner diseases. This can be viewed as a form of spiritually-based psychotherapy.
Similarly, Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah explained that a healthy heart is tranquil, not overly attached to worldly matters, and firmly connected to the hereafter.
Islam and Soul Healing
Islam not only identifies emotional wounds but also offers remedies, including:
• Prayer and remembrance (dhikr) as means to soothe the heart.
• Supplication and night prayers as a form of intimate communication with the Creator.
• Fasting to control desires and calm the mind.
• Attending knowledge gatherings for enlightenment and spiritual strength.
• Giving charity and performing good deeds to build self-esteem and a sense of meaningful living.
A Message for the Struggling Generation
Mental health is not something to be hidden or stigmatized. The Prophet once grieved, and his companions felt emptiness. So if today you feel anxious, stressed, or sad, it is not due to weak faith but because you are human.
Yet, Islam never allows us to remain trapped in suffering. There is a path, a light, and hope.
Conclusion
The term mental health may be a modern popular expression, but its values and practices have existed since the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Islam teaches that the soul must be cared for, the heart tended to, and human emotions respected.
Mental health is part of worship. Let us nurture our souls just as we care for our bodies—with love, patience, and continual hope in Allah’s mercy.
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